![]() Animal based hydrolysates, such as gelatin, contain a high proportion of proline and glycine, while plant based hydrolysates contain a high proportion of glutamine and arginine ( Parrado et al., 2008 Ertani et al., 2013a Calvo et al., 2014). The amino acid contents of protein hydrolysates vary depending on the production method as well as the source of the material. The Bloom number is positively related to average molecular mass ( Ward and Courts, 1977 Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America, 2012). A measure of gelatin strength is termed ‘Bloom.’ The higher the Bloom number, the stronger the gel. Gelatin is soluble in water and in most polar solvents. Gelatin is defined as a mixture of peptides and proteins that are generally derived from partial hydrolysis of collagen obtained from connective tissues of animals which can include skin and bones ( Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America, 2012). Gelatin, an animal based protein hydrolysate (hydrolyzed collagen) is one category of plant biostimulants. Biostimulants have no direct action against pests, and therefore do not fall within the regulatory framework of pesticides" ( du Jardim, 2012 European Biostimulants Industry Council, 2014). ![]() The European Biostimulants Industry Council (EBIC) developed a definition for plant biostimulants “substance(s) and/or microorganisms whose function when applied to plants or the rhizosphere is to stimulate natural processes to enhance/benefit nutrient uptake, nutrient efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stress, and crop quality. Seed enhancements include plant biostimulants, a broad class of substances and microorganisms that enhance plant growth. Seed enhancement is a term widely used in the industry to describe beneficial techniques performed to seeds post-harvest, but prior to sowing ( Taylor et al., 1998). Moreover, gelatin was an effective biostimulant as the plant growth and nitrogen content was greater from two gelatin capsules compared to amino acid mixture of the same proportion and amount as the gelatin. In summary, gelatin provided nitrogen that enhanced plant growth. Proline and/or hydroxyproline were not responsible for the biostimulant effect. Cucumber growth and plant nitrogen content was greater from the hydrolyzed collagen treatment compared with the low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate, a mixture of amino acids or urea and all treatments provided an equivalent amount of nitrogen. In an experiment with cucumber alone, there was a positive linear relationship between the number of gelatin capsules from 0 to 3 capsules on plant growth and plant nitrogen content. ![]() The treatment with two gelatin capsules placed adjacent to each seed increased shoot dry weight of cucumber, pepper, broccoli, tomato, arugula, and field corn, by 138, 244, 50, 45, 41, and 18 percent, respectively. All capsule treatments significantly enhanced crop growth compared to the non-treated control. In addition, amino acid mixtures without proline, hydroxyproline, or applied in combination were investigated on cucumber growth. Different types of hydrolyzed collagen, including granulated gelatin, gelatin hydrolysate, and amino acid mixtures simulating the composition of gelatin were compared on cucumber plant growth. In a series of experiments gelatin capsules (#3 hard gelatin) containing 7.1 mg nitrogen each, were placed adjacent to seeds of different crop species, at sowing time in individual growing containers and several growth parameters were measured. Gelatin has a unique amino acid composition with a high percentage of proline and hydroxyproline. ![]() ![]() Biostimulants are materials that stimulate plant growth, and gelatin, an animal protein hydrolysate, is classified as one type of biostimulant. The effect of gelatin, used as a biostimulant, was investigated on plant growth in greenhouse studies. ![]()
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